Lydia Contreras-Sánchez, Coordinación de Cursos de Enfermería, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Pue., México
Jacqueline Lezama-González, Área de Investigación en Salud, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada Estatal Puebla, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, Pue., México
Roberto Méndez-Olivares, Facultad de Medicina, Área de Investigación en Salud, Universidad San Ángel, Puebla, Pue., México
Socorro Méndez-Martínez, Coordinación de Planeación y Enlace Institucional, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada Estatal Puebla, Delegación Estatal del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Pue., México
Irvin A. Sosa-Farias, Área de Investigación en Salud, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada Estatal Puebla, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, Pue., México
Introduction: Diabetic foot accounts for 70% of non-traumatic amputations worldwide and is estimated to affect approximately 50% of people with diabetes. Objective: To assess foot self-care practices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and prospective study was conducted at Family Medicine Unit No. 2 from August 30 to November 1, 2024. Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and enrolled in the CADIMSS program were included. Sociodemographic, clinical, and foot care knowledge data were collected. The APD-UMA Scale (DFSQ-UMA) was applied. Data were analyzed using SPSS v24 with descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 138 patients participated, with a mean age of 62.3 ± 11.8 years; 62% were women, and 77% reported knowledge of foot care. According to the APD-UMA scale, 53.3% demonstrated very adequate practices, 16% adequate, 17.6% regular, 5% inadequate, and 8% very inadequate. Conclusions: Most patients exhibited adequate or very adequate foot self-care practices, likely due to the education received through the CADIMSS program. Continued reinforcement of preventive education and longitudinal impact evaluation are recommended.
Keywords: Self-care practices. Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic foot.